Adenoviruses, of which there are over 40 different
serotypes in humans, are responsible for 5–10% of upper respiratory infections in children, and many infections in adults as well. Most infections with adenovirus result in infections of the upper respiratory tract. Adenovirus infections often show up as
conjunctivitis,
tonsilitis (which may look exactly like
strep throat and cannot be distinguished from strep except by throat culture), an
ear infection, or
croup. Adenoviruses can also cause
gastroenteritis (stomach flu). A combination of conjuctivitis and tonsilitis is particularly common with adenovirus infections. Some children (especially small ones) can develop adenovirus
bronchiolitis or
pneumonia, both of which can be severe. In babies, adenoviruses can also cause coughing fits that look almost exactly like
whooping cough. Adenoviruses can also cause
viral meningitis or
encephalitis. Rarely, adenovirus can cause
cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder—a form of
urinary tract infection—with blood in the urine.
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