Zam (Zām) is the Indo-Iranian concept for "earth" (as in soil, land, ground), prototyped as a chemical element in ancient philosophy, and as a minor Yazata in Zoroastrianism and later Persian mythology.The term 'Zam' exists with the same meaning in both Avestan and middle Persian languages. Zam is occasionally paired with the Amesha Spenta Armaiti, with whom Zam shares some attributes. The rare dvandvah expression Zam-Armaiti occurs in Yasht 1.16, 16.6 and 42.3. According to Xenophon, Cyrus sacrificed animals to the earth as the Magians directed. (Cyropaedia, 8.24)
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