Wild type, sometimes written wildtype or wild-type, is the typical form of an organism, strain, gene, or characteristic as it occurs in nature. Wild type refers to the most common phenotype in the natural population. Wild type also refers to the allele at each locus required to produce the wild-type phenotype. Wild type is the standard of reference for the genotype and phenotype. As the standard, wild type is not considered
dominant or
recessive. Mutant alleles are dominant or recessive in comparison to wild type.
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A mutant is an individual, organism, or new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of
mutation, which is a sudden structural change within the
DNA of a
gene or
chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or
trait not found in the wildtype. In an organism or individual, the new character or trait may or may not be trivial, may occasionally be beneficial, but will usually result in either a
genetic disorder or have no
phenotypic effect whatsoever. The natural occurrence of genetic mutations is integral to the process of
evolution. A more general term for mutant is , which includes individuals who vary from type due to mutation, as well as those who vary from type due to other reasons.
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The customary phenotype or standard for comparison. Deviants from this type are said to be mutant.
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