Western philosophy is a term that refers to
philosophical thinking in the
Western or Occidental world, as opposed to
Eastern or Oriental philosophies and the varieties of indigenous philosophies.Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of
Western civilization, beginning with
Greek philosophy in
ancient Greece. The word philosophy itself originated in Greece: philosophia (φιλοσοφια), literally, "the love of wisdom" (philein = "to love" + sophia = wisdom, in the sense of
knowledge and the courage to act accordingly). The ancient Greek word for
wisdom was probably related to ideas about
universal knowledge claims in
mathematics,
astronomy,
natural philosophy,
music, and many other subjects as indicated by
Plato's and
Aristotle's works, along with many other ancient and medieval
philosophers.
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