Water pollution
Water pollution is a large set of adverse effects upon water bodies such as
lakes,
rivers,
oceans, and
groundwater caused by human activities. Although natural phenomena such as
volcanoes,
algae blooms,
storms, and
earthquakes also cause major changes in
water quality and the ecological status of water, these are not deemed to be pollution. Water is only called polluted when it is not able to be used for what one wants it to be used for. Water pollution has many causes and characteristics. Increases in
nutrient loading may lead to
eutrophication. Organic wastes such as
sewage impose high
oxygen demands on the receiving water leading to oxygen depletion with potentially severe impacts on the whole eco-system. Industries discharge a variety of pollutants in their
wastewater including
heavy metals, resin pellets, organic toxins, oils, nutrients, and solids. Discharges can also have thermal effects, especially those from power stations, and these too reduce the available oxygen.
Silt-bearing runoff from many activities including
construction sites,
deforestation and
agriculture can inhibit the penetration of sunlight through the water column, restricting
photosynthesis and causing blanketing of the lake or river bed, in turn damaging
ecological systems.
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Pollution de l'eau
La pollution de l'eau peut se présenter sous différentes formes : chimique, bactériologique,
thermique, et les eaux ou masses d'eau concernées peuvent être douces, saumâtres ou salées, souterraines ou superficielles. Il peut même s'agir de la pluie ou des rosées.
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Gewässerverschmutzung
Gewässerverschmutzung ist die Verschmutzung von
Oberflächengewässern (
Flüssen,
Seen,
Meeren) mit teilweise giftigen Substanzen. Meistens wird sie durch ungeklärte
Abwässer von Fabriken oder Städten verursacht, es kann sich aber auch um ungesetzlich entsorgte Substanzen (z.B.
Altöl) handeln. Ebenfalls werden Gewässer oft durch die Landwirtschaft verunreinigt, vor allem wenn sie ein großes Einzugsgebiet aufweisen. Meistens sind es aber
Schwermetalle, die unsere Gewässer verschmutzen. Sie können nicht ausreichend entfernt werden.
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Zanieczyszczenia wody
Zanieczyszczenie wód - niekorzystne zmiany właściwości fizycznych, chemicznych i bakteriologicznych wody spowodowane wprowadzaniem w nadmiarze substancji nieorganicznych (stałych, płynnych, gazowych), organicznych, radioaktywnych czy wreszcie ciepła, które ograniczają lub uniemożliwiają wykorzystywanie wody do picia i celów gospodarczych.
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Inquinamento idrico
L'inquinamento idrico è causato da numerosi e differenti fattori quali gli scarichi diretti o indiretti di attività industriali o delle normali attività umane (come i liquami domestici) che giungono nei fiumi, laghi e mari dai grandi centri urbani senza opportuno trattamento.Il tipo di alterazione sui sistemi idrici può essere di natura chimica o batterica, e le conseguenze possono arrivare a mettere in pericolo la
salute della flora e della fauna coinvolta, fino agli uomini, nuocendo al sistema
ecologico, alle riserve idriche per uso alimentare, e compromettendo le attrattive turistiche di alcune aree o ostacolare altri usi legittimi delle acque.
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