In
telecommunications, standing wave ratio (SWR) is the
ratio of the
amplitude of a partial
standing wave at an antinode (maximum) to the amplitude at an adjacent
node (minimum), in an electrical
transmission line. The SWR is usually defined as a
voltage ratio called the VSWR, for voltage standing wave ratio. For example, the VSWR value 1.2:1 denotes a maximum standing wave amplitude that is 1.2 times greater than the minimum standing wave value. It is also possible to define the SWR in terms of
current, resulting in the ISWR, which has the same numerical value. The power standing wave ratio (PSWR) is defined as the square of the VSWR.
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In a
transmission line, the ratio of maximum to minimum voltage in a
standing wave pattern. Note: The VSWR is a measure of
impedance mismatch between the transmission line and its
load. The higher the VSWR, the greater the mismatch. The minimum VSWR, i.e., that which corresponds to a perfect impedance match, is unity. (
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