Uttarakhand (
Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड or उत्तराखंड), known as Uttaranchal from 2000 to 2006, became the 27th
state of the Republic of
India on
November 9,
2000. Uttarakhand borders
Tibet to the north,
Nepal to the east, and the states of
Himachal Pradesh and
Uttar Pradesh (of which it formed a part before 2000) in the west and south respectively. The region is traditionally referred to as Uttarakhand in Hindu scriptures and old literature, a term which derives from the Sanskrit for Northern Country or Section. In January 2007, the name of the state was officially changed from Uttaranchal, its interim name, to Uttarakhand, according to the wishes of a large section of its people. The provisional capital of Uttarakhand is
Dehradun which is also a rail-head and the largest city in the region. The small hamlet of
Gairsen has been mooted as the future capital owing to its geographic centrality but controversies and lack of resources have led Dehradun to remain provisional capital. The High Court of the state is in
Nainital.
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