For the fourth planet from the sun, see
Mars. Mars was the
Roman god of
war, the son of
Juno and either
Jupiter or a magical flower. As the word Mars has no
Indo-European derivation, it is most likely the
Latinized form of the agricultural
Etruscan god
Maris. Initially the Roman god of
fertility and
vegetation and a protector of cattle, fields and boundaries, Mars later became associated with battle as the growing Roman Empire began to expand, and he was
identified with the
Greek god
Ares. He was also a
tutelary god of Rome. Unlike his Greek counterpart, Mars was generally well liked and rivaled Jupiter as the most honored god. He was regarded as the legendary father of Rome's founder,
Romulus, it was believed that all Romans were descendents of Mars.
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[Roman] A title given to Mars when, after defeating the murderers of Julius Caesar at Philippi, Augustus built a temple to him in the Forum at Rome.
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