[Image:HDI 2006 Results Standardized Coloring Scheme.png|thumb|right|400px|World map indicating Human Development Index (2006). ]] The Human Development Index (HDI) is the measure of
life expectancy,
literacy,
education, and
standard of living for countries worldwide. It is a standard means of
measuring well-being, especially child
welfare. It is used to determine and indicate whether a country is a
developed,
developing, or underdeveloped country and also to measure the impact of economic policies on quality of life. The index was developed in 1990 by Indian Nobel prize winner
Amartya Sen,
Pakistani economist Mahbub ul Haq, with help from Gustav Ranis of Yale University and Lord
Meghnad Desai of the London School of Economics and has been used since then by the
United Nations Development Programme in its annual
Human Development Report. Described by Sen as a "vulgar measure", because of its limitations, it nonetheless focuses attention on wider aspects of development than the per capita income measure it supplanted, and is a pathway for researchers into the wide variety of more detailed measures contained in the Human Development Reports.
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