Ukraine (, Ukrayina, ) is a
country in
Eastern Europe. It borders
Russia to the east,
Belarus to the north,
Poland,
Slovakia and
Hungary to the west,
Romania and
Moldova to the southwest, and the
Black Sea and
Sea of Azov to the south. The historic city of
Kiev (Kyiv) is the country's capital.From at least the 9th century, the territory of present-day Ukraine was a centre of
medieval East Slavic civilization forming the state of
Kievan Rus, and for the following several centuries the territory was divided among a number of regional powers. After a
brief period of independence (1917–1921) following the
Russian Revolution of 1917, Ukraine became one of the founding
Soviet Republics in 1922. The
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic's territory was enlarged westward after the
Second World War, and again in 1954 with the Crimea transfer. In 1945, Ukrainian SSR became one of the co-founder members of the
United Nations. It became independent again after the
Soviet Union's collapse in 1991.
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