Turing, Alan

(b. 1912, London, UK, d. 1953, Wilmslow, Cheshire, UK. Ph.D. mathematics, Princeton, 1938). Turing was a major influence on the development of computational theory. The term Turing machine was introduced by Alonzo Church in his 1937 review of Turing’s paper in the Journal of Symbolic Logic. Turing proposed the test of thinking in machines that bears his name in a 1950 article in the journal Mind (59, 433-60). See Turing machine, Turing test.
<Discussion> <References> Tadeusz Zawidzki

one of the founders of computing whose work enabled the first computers to be constructed. His work during WWII concentrated on code cracking (breaking the German encryption systems) although he is now best remembered for the Turing Intelligence Test for computers.