Trouvère (
MWCD: /trü'ver, trü'vər/), sometimes spelled trouveur, is the Northern
French (
langue d'oïl) form of the word
troubadour (as spelled in the
langue d'oc). It refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced by the troubadours but who composed their works in the northern
dialects of France. The word trouvère comes from the Old French trovere, from the
Provençal word trobaire, meaning 'to find or invent (rhetorically)'. The first known trouvère was
Chrétien de Troyes (fl. 1160s-80s) (Butterfield, 1997) and the trouvères continued to flourish until about 1300. Some 2130 trouvère poems have survived; of these, at least two-thirds have melodies.
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