Latency is a time delay between the moment something is initiated, and the moment one of its effects begins or becomes detectable. The word derives from the fact that during the period of latency the effects of an action are latent, meaning "potential" or "not yet observed". Even within an engineering context, latency has several meanings depending on the engineering area concerned (i.e. communication, operational, simulation or mechanical latencies).
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Between two given points in an integrated services
digital network (
ISDN), the
time between the moment that the first
bit of a
data unit, such as a
frame or
block, passes the first given point and the moment that bit passes the second given point, plus the
transmission time of the data unit.