Transhumance is a term with two accepted usages: Older sources use 'transhumance' for vertical seasonal
livestock movement, typically to higher
pastures in summer and to lower valleys in winter. Herders have a permanent home, typically in valleys. Only
herds and a subset of people necessary to tend them travel. This is termed fixed transhumance below. Some recent studies consider
nomadism, where livestock move to follow
grazing over considerable distances following set
seasonal patterns (with a whole family of herders living in temporary shelters which move with herds all year round), a form of transhumance. This is termed nomadic transhumance below.
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