The dynastic history of
Thebes in
Greek mythology is crowded with a bewildering number of kings between the city's new foundation (by
Cadmus) and the
Trojan War (see
Ogyges). This suggests several competing traditions, which mythographers were forced to reconcile. Cadmus was the first king of Thebes; but the city was originally called Cadmeia, and (according to myth) it only became known as Thebes during the reign of
Amphion and
Zethus, after the latter's wife
Thebe. In short, the list of kings is as follows: Cadmus,
Pentheus,
Polydorus,
Nycteus (regent),
Lycus (regent),
Labdacus, Lycus (return to power),
Amphion and
Zethus (joint rulers),
Laius,
Creon (regent),
Oedipus, Creon (return to power),
Eteocles, Creon (return to power),
Laodamas,
Thersander, and
Tisamenus.
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Den thebanske sagnkreds er en af de mest omfangsrige og komplekse af de græske sagnkredse. Den er tillige en af de blodigste og mest tragiske. Som navnet antyder, er omdrejningspunktet oldtidsbyen
Theben, der ligger i midt i det græske kerneområde i landskabet
Bøotien.
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