Tetrahydrocannabinol, also known as THC, Δ9-THC, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol), Δ1-tetrahydrocannabinol (using an older numbering scheme), or dronabinol, is the main
psychoactive substance found in the
Cannabis plant. It was isolated by Raphael Mechoulam, Yechiel Gaoni, and Habib Edery from the
Weizmann Institute in
Rehovot,
Israel in
1964. In pure form it is a glassy solid when cold and becomes
viscous and sticky if warmed. An
aromatic terpenoid, THC has a very low
solubility in water, but good solubility in most organic
solvents such as
butane or
hexane. As in the case of
nicotine and
caffeine, THC's most likely function in Cannabis is to protect the plant from
herbivores or
pathogens . THC also possesses high UV-B (280-315 nm) absorption properties, protecting the plant from harmful radiation.
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