In this type of ternary graph, 3D scatterplot data are represented through the use of an X-Y- Z plane (defined via a triangular coordinate system) positioned at a user-selectable level of the vertical V-axis (which "sticks up" through the middle of the plane) and categorized by each level of the
grouping variable (or user-defined subset of data). One component graph is produced for each level of the grouping variable (or user-defined subset of data) and all the component graphs are arranged in one display to allow for comparisons between the subsets of data (categories).
The level of the X-Y-Z plane can be adjusted in order to divide the X-Y-Z-V space into meaningful parts (e.g., featuring different patterns of the relation between the three variables).