The Talmud (
Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד) is a record of
rabbinic discussions pertaining to
Jewish law,
ethics, customs, and history.The Talmud has two components: the
Mishnah (c. 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the
Gemara (c. 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related
Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the
Tanakh. The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of
rabbinic law and is much quoted in other
rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (a
Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah).
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