TajikistanEconomy

Economy - overview: Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Only 5% to 6% of the land area is arable. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The civil war (1992-97) severely damaged the already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production. Even though 60% of its people continue to live in abject poverty, Tajikistan has experienced steady economic growth since 1997. Continued privatization of medium and large state-owned enterprises will further increase productivity. Tajikistan's economic situation, however, remains fragile due to uneven implementation of structural reforms, weak governance, widespread unemployment, and the external debt burden. A debt restructuring agreement was reached with Russia in December 2002, including an interest rate of 4%, a 3-year grace period, and a US $49.8 million credit to the Central Bank of Tajikistan. GDP: purchasing power parity - $7.95 billion (2004 est.) GDP - real growth rate: 10.5% (2004 est.) GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2004 est.) GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 23.7%
industry: 24.3%
services: 52% (2004 est.) Labor force: 3.187 million (2000) Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 67.2%, industry 7.5%, services 25.3% (2000 est.) Unemployment rate: 40% (2002 est.) Population below poverty line: 60% (2004 est.) Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 3.2%
highest 10%: 25.2% (1998) Distribution of family income - Gini index: 34.7 (1998) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 8% (2004 est.) Investment (gross fixed): 22% of GDP (2004 est.) Budget: revenues: $311.2 million
expenditures: $321.5 million, including capital expenditures of $86 million (2004 est.) Agriculture - products: cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats Industries: aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers Industrial production growth rate: 8.2% (2002 est.) Electricity - production: 15.08 billion kWh (2002) Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 1.9%
hydro: 98.1%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (2001) Electricity - consumption: 14.41 billion kWh (2002) Electricity - exports: 3.974 billion kWh (2002) Electricity - imports: 4.359 billion kWh (2002) Oil - production: 250 bbl/day (2001 est.) Oil - consumption: 20,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) Oil - exports: NA Oil - imports: NA Natural gas - production: 50 million cu m (2001 est.) Natural gas - consumption: 1.3 billion cu m (2001 est.) Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2001 est.) Natural gas - imports: 1.25 billion cu m (2001 est.) Current account balance: $-52 million (2004 est.) Exports: $1.13 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) Exports - commodities: aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles Exports - partners: Latvia 13.1%, Switzerland 11.5%, Uzbekistan 11.3%, Norway 9.9%, Russia 8.2%, Iran 7.9%, Turkey 7.7%, Italy 6.6%, Hungary 4.4% (2004) Imports: $1.3 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.) Imports - commodities: electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs Imports - partners: Russia 17.8%, Uzbekistan 13.4%, Kazakhstan 9.7%, Ukraine 6.3%, Azerbaijan 6.3%, US 5.8%, Turkey 4.3% (2004) Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $145.3 million (2004 est.) Debt - external: $888 million (2004 est.) Economic aid - recipient: $60.7 million from US (2001) Currency (code): somoni Currency code: TJS Exchange rates: Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 2.9705 (2004), 3.0614 (2003), 2.7641 (2002), 2.3722 (2001), 2.0763 (2000)
note: the new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles Fiscal year: calendar year More about Tajikistan: Introduction Geography People Government Communications Transportation Military Transnational Issues