TIROS, or Television Infrared Observation Satellite, was a series of early
weather satellites launched by
NASA, beginning with TIROS-1 in
1960. The program was successful in proving the usefulness of satellite weather observation.TIROS continued as the ESSA TIROS Operational System, and was eventually succeeded by the
NOAA ITOS (Improved TIROS Operational System), or TIROS-M, and then by the TIROS-N and Advanced TIROS-N series of satellites.
TIROS-1 (A)- launched April 1, 1960, suffered electrical system failure on June 15 1960TIROS-2 (B)- launched November 23, 1960, failed January 22, 1961TIROS-3 (C)- launched July 12 1961, deactivated February 28, 1962TIROS-4 (D)- launched February 8 1962, failed on June 30 1962 (both cameras failed earlier)TIROS-5 (E)- launched June 19 1962, failed on May 13, 1963TIROS-6 (F)- launched September 18 1962, failed October 21 1963TIROS-7 (G)- launched June 19 1963, deactivated June 3, 1968TIROS-8 (H)- launched December 21 1963, deactivated July 1, 1967TIROS-9 (I)- launched January 1, 1965, failed February 15 1967. First Tiros satellite in near-polar orbitTIROS-10 (OT-1)- launched July 2 1965, deactivated July 31, 1966 TIROS Operational SystemESSA-1 (OT-3)ESSA-2 (OT-2)ESSA-3 (TOS-A)ESSA-4 (TOS-B)ESSA-5 (TOS-C)ESSA-6 (TOS-D)ESSA-7 (TOS-E)
ESSA-8 (TOS-F)ESSA-9 (TOS-G) ITOS/TIROS-MTIROS-M (ITOS-1)NOAA-1 (ITOS-A)ITOS-BITOS-CNOAA-2 (ITOS-D)ITOS-ENOAA-3 (ITOS-F)
NOAA-4 (ITOS-G)NOAA-5 (ITOS-H) TIROS-NTIROS-NNOAA-6 (A)NOAA-BNOAA-7 (C) Advanced TIROS-NNOAA-8 (E)NOAA-9 (F)NOAA-10 (G)NOAA-11 (H)NOAA-12 (D)NOAA-13 (I)NOAA-14 (J)
NOAA-15 (K)
NOAA-16 (L)
NOAA-17 (M)
NOAA-18 (N)
NOAA-N' (launch no earlier that
December 6 2007)
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