See
Hypertension for information about recognition and treatment of high blood pressure. Blood pressure (strictly speaking: vascular pressure) refers to the force exerted by circulating
blood on the walls of
blood vessels, and constitutes one of the principal
vital signs. The pressure of the circulating blood decreases as blood moves through
arteries,
arterioles,
capillaries, and
veins; the term blood pressure generally refers to arterial pressure, i.e., the pressure in the larger arteries, arteries being the blood vessels which take blood away from the heart. Arterial pressure is most commonly measured via a
sphygmomanometer, which uses the height of a column of mercury to reflect the circulating pressure (see Non-invasive measurement). Although many modern vascular pressure devices no longer use mercury, vascular pressure values are still universally reported in
millimetres of mercury (mmHg).
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