Symmetric-key algorithms are a class of
algorithms for
cryptography that use trivially related, often identical,
cryptographic keys for both decryption and encryption.The encryption key is trivially related to the decryption key, in that they may be identical or there is a simple transform to go between the two keys. The keys, in practice, represent a
shared secret between two or more parties that can be used to maintain a private information link.Other terms for symmetric-key encryption are secret-key, single-key, one-key and eventually private-key encryption. Use of the latter term does conflict with the term private key in
public key cryptography.
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