device filled with fluid and a bubble of air which is used to determine if a surface is flat
A spirit level or bubble level is an
instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is
level or
plumb. Different types of spirit levels are used by
carpenters,
stone masons,
bricklayers, other building trades workers,
surveyors,
millwrights and other metalworkers.Original spirit levels had two
banana-shaped curved glass
vials at each viewing point and were much more complicated to use. In the 1920s, Henry Ziemann, the founder of Empire Level, invented the modern level with a single vial. These vials, common on most ordinary levels today, feature a slightly curved glass tube which is incompletely filled with a liquid, usually a yellow-colored 'spirit' (a synonym for
ethanol), leaving a
bubble in the tube. Ethanol is used because of its low
freezing point, −114°C, which prevents it from freezing in cold weather. Most commonly, spirit levels are employed to indicate how
horizontal (level) or how
vertical (
plumb) a surface is.
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