In
optics, spherical aberration is a deviation from the norm resulting in an image imperfection that occurs due to the increased
refraction of light rays that occurs when rays strike a
lens or a
reflection of light rays that occurs when rays strike a
mirror near its edge, in comparison with those that strike nearer the center. A sphere lens has an
aplanatic point —- that means no spherical aberration —- only at a radius that equals the radius of the sphere divided by the index of refraction, that is inside the lens. It is often considered to be an imperfection of
telescopes and other instruments which makes their
focusing less than ideal due to the
spherical shape of lenses and mirrors. This is an important effect, as spherical shapes are much easier to produce than aspherical and so most lenses have spherical shapes.
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