The Spanish Empire refer to territories formerly colonized by Spain. It was also one of the largest global empire in history. In the 15th and 16th centuries Spain was in the vanguard of European global exploration and colonial expansion and the opening of trade routes across the oceans, with trade flourishing across the Atlantic Ocean between Spain and the America and across the Pacific Ocean between Asia-Pacific and Mexico via the Philippines. Conquistadors toppled the Aztec, Inca, and Maya civilizations, and laid claim to vast stretches of land in North and South America. For a time, the Spanish Empire dominated the oceans with its experienced navy, was the foremost global power, and ruled the European battlefield with its fearsome and well trained infantry, the . Spain enjoyed a cultural golden age in the 16th and 17th centuries.
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