Southern Ocean

The Southern Ocean, also known as the Great Southern Ocean, the Antarctic Ocean and the South Polar Ocean, is the International Hydrographic Organization's  oceanic division encircling Antarctica, comprising the southernmost waters of the World Ocean south of 60° S latitude. Geographers disagree on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even its existence (see below), instead considering the waters part of the South Pacific, South Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The Antarctic Convergence, an ocean zone which fluctuates seasonally, is considered by some to separate the Southern Ocean from other oceans, rather than 60° S. This ocean zone is formed by the convergence of two circumpolar currents, one easterly flowing and one westerly flowing.
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Background A decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 delimited a fifth world ocean - the Southern Ocean - from the southern portions of the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and Pacific Ocean. The Southern Ocean extends from the coast of Antarctica north to 60 degrees south latitude, which coincides with the Antarctic Treaty Limit. The Southern Ocean is now the fourth largest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, and Indian Ocean, but larger than the Arctic Ocean). Map of Southern Ocean More about Southern Ocean: Geography Economy Transportation Transnational Issues