South African Republic

This article is about the former country in Africa. For the present-day country, see South Africa; for the region where both are located, see Southern Africa. The South African Republic (Dutch: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, or ZAR), often informally known as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Afrikaner/Boer country in southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century. It is not to be confused with the present-day South Africa; rather, it occupied the area later known as the South African province of Transvaal. The ZAR was established in 1852, and was independent from 1856 to 1877, then again from 1881 to 1900 after the First Boer War, in which the Boers regained their independence from the British Empire.
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