Sol Invictus

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Sol Invictus
For the folk music band, see Sol Invictus (band). Sol Invictus ("the Unconquered Sun") or, more fully, Deus Sol Invictus ("the Unconquered Sun God") was a religious title applied to at least three distinct divinities during the later Roman EmpireEl GabalMithras, and Sol.Unlike the earlier, agrarian cult of Sol Indiges ("the native sun" or "the invoked sun" - the etymology and meaning of the word "indiges" is disputed), the title Deus Sol Invictus was formed by analogy with the imperial titulature pius felix invictus ("dutiful, fortunate, unconquered").The Romans held a festival on December 25 called Dies Natalis Solis Invicti, "the birthday of the unconquered sun." The use of the title Sol Invictus allowed several solar deities to be worshipped collectively, including Elah-Gabal, a Syrian sun god; Sol, the patron god of Emperor Aurelian (AD 270-274); and Mithras, a soldiers' god of Persian origin. Emperor Elagabalus (218-222) introduced the festival, and it reached the height of its popularity under Aurelian, who promoted it as an empire-wide holiday. December 25 was also considered to be the date of the winter solstice, which the Romans called bruma. It was therefore the day the Sun proved itself to be "unconquered" despite the shortening of daylight hours. (When Julius Caesar introduced the Julian Calendar in 45 BC, December 25 was approximately the date of the solstice. In modern times, the solstice falls on December 21 or 22.) The Sol Invictus festival has a "strong claim on the responsibility" for the date of Christmas, according to the Catholic Encyclopedia. Solar symbolism was popular with early Christian writers as Jesus was considered to be the "sun of righteousness." More recent christian sources suggest that the identification of Christ's birth-day pre-dates the Sol Invictus festival.
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Sol Invictus
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Sol Invictus (religion)
Sol Invictus (en latin, Soleil Invaincu) est une divinité solaire apparue dans l'Empire romain au . Elle reprend des aspects de la mythologie d'Apollon et du culte de Mithra et connaît une grande popularité dans l'armée romaine.
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Sol (Gott)
Sol ist der antike römische Sonnengott, bekannt vor allem in seiner späten Erscheinungsform (seit dem 2. Jahrhundert n. Chr.) als Sol Invictus (lateinisch der unbesiegte Sonnengott, oft ungenau übersetzt als der unbesiegbare Sonnengott). Sol entspricht zwar dem griechischen Helios, mit dem er auch ikonographisch Übereinstimmungen zeigt, aber er ist nicht aus der griechischen Religion übernommen, sondern einheimischen Ursprungs.
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Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus (łac. Słońce Niezwyciężone) – bóstwo rzymskie, łączące cechy greckiego Apollona i indoirańskiego Mitry. Był to nowy kult synkretyczny, łączący w sobie elementy mitraizmu, kultu El Gabala i bóstwa solarnego Sol. Kult Sol Invictus sprawowany był u schyłku cesarstwa, wprowadzony w 254 przez cesarza Aureliana. Obchodzenie święta Sol Invictus, przypadającego 25 grudnia, pierwszy raz jest źródłowo poświadczone w 354 za panowania cesarza Juliana Apostaty. Kościół pod koniec IV wieku przepisał obchodzenie w tym dniu świąt Bożego Narodzenia.
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Sol Invictus
Sol Invictus ("Sole invitto") o, per esteso, Deus Sol Invictus ("Dio Sole invitto") era un appellativo religioso usato per tre diverse divinità nel tardo Impero romanoEliogabaloMitra, e Sol.Al contrario del precedente culto agreste di Sol Indiges ("Sole nativo" o "Sole invocato" - l'etimologia ed il significato del termine indiges sono dubbie), il titolo Deus Sol Invictus fu formato per analogia con la titolatura imperiale Pius, Felix, Invictus (Devoto, Fortunato, Invitto).
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