The Shilluk prefer to be known as Chollo, rather than the more widely known term, Shilluk, and their language as dhok-Chollo, dhok being the Chollo word for mouth. The Chollo are a major
Nilotic ethnic group of southern
Sudan, living on both banks of the river
Nile, in the vicinity of the city of
Malakal. The most extensive Chollo area is located on the western bank of the Nile north from Malakal. Before the
second Sudanese civil war the Chollo also lived in a number of settlements on the northern bank of the
Sobat river, close to where the Sobat joins the Nile, with
Dolieb Hill as an important mission station. They are the third largest minority ethnic group of South Sudan, after the
Dinka and their neighbors the
Nuer. They are led by a king (reth) who is considered divine, and traces his lineage back to the
culture hero Nyikang, and whose health is believed to affect that of the nation; Formerly, their society was fairly hierarchical, with castes of royals, nobles, commoners, and slaves. Like most Nilotic groups,
cattle-raising formed a large part of their economy; however,
agriculture and
fishing were more significant than usual, and most were sedentary. Most Chollo have converted to
Christianity, while some still follow the traditional religion, and small numbers have converted to Islam. Due to colonial policies which divided Chollo areas into spheres of influence for different missionary denominations, the Chollo are divided between
Catholic and
Protestant churches; the Catholic church was historically assigned the western bank of the Nile and ran missions stations at
Lul,
Detwoc, Tonga and Yoynyang, while the American Inland Mission ran a mission station at
Dolieb Hill, located to the south of Malakal on the eastern side of the Nile, but situated on the Sobat river. The Shilluk stayed on the sidelines for most of the
Second Sudanese Civil War, but were engulfed in fighting during 2004, although Shilluk intellectual, Dr.
Lam Akol, sided with both the
SPLA and the Government of Sudan at different times during the war.
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Shilluk is a Nilotic language spoken in Sudan.
The language is: Shilluk SHINA Shina is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Pakistan and India.
The language is: Shina
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