Nuclear medicine is a branch of
medicine and
medical imaging that uses the nuclear properties of matter in diagnosis and therapy. Many procedures in nuclear medicine use
pharmaceuticals that have been labeled with radionuclides (
radiopharmaceuticals). In diagnosis, radioactive substances are administered to
patients and the
radiation emitted is measured. The majority of these diagnostic tests involve the formation of an image using a
gamma camera. Imaging may also be referred to as radionuclide imaging or nuclear scintigraphy. Other diagnostic tests use probes to acquire measurements from parts of the body, or counters for the measurement of samples taken from the patient. In therapy, radionuclides are administered to treat disease or provide
palliative pain relief. For example, administration of
Iodine-131 is often used for the treatment of
thyrotoxicosis and
thyroid cancer.
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