The Sarmatians, Sarmatae or Sauromatae were a people originally of
Iranian stock. Mentioned by classical authors, they migrated from Central Asia to the Ural Mountains around 5th century B.C. and eventually settled in most of southern European Russia, Ukraine, and the eastern Balkans.
Pliny the Elder (
N.H. book iv) wrote that the Latin Sarmatae is identical to the Greek Sauromatae. At their greatest reported extent these tribes ranged from the
Vistula river to the mouth of the
Danube and eastward to the
Volga, and from the mysterious domain of the
Hyperboreans in the north, southward to the shores of the
Black and
Caspian seas, including the region between them as far as the
Caucasus mountains. The richest tombs and the most significant finds of Sarmatian artifacts have been recorded in the
Krasnodar Krai of
Russia.
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