Set-aside is the modern name given to the practice of
fallowing agricultural land, by which a proportion of a farm's land resources are removed from production.In the days before modern
pesticides, it was necessary to fallow cropping land regularly in order to provide an opportunity to reduce levels of
weeds by cultivation techniques, and levels of
pests and
disease. This could only be carried out in the absence of a host crop, during which the population of relevant pests and diseases would be expected to decline to levels below which an economic threat to the following crop would occur. Nutrients such as
nitrogen were also replenished during fallowing, but fertilisers are now used for this purpose.
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