legendary English outlaw of the 12th century who e robbed the rich to help the poor; story of a British robber who steals from the rich and gives to the poor
Robin Hood is a figure in
archetypal English folk tales. Many accounts of Robin Hood, though not the very earliest, bear a striking similarity to accounts of the life of
Fulk FitzWarin, a
Norman noble who was disinherited and became an
outlaw and an enemy of
John of England. In the oldest legends the outlaw's enemy is the sheriff due simply to his profession, but in later versions the sheriff is despotic and gravely abuses his position, appropriating land, levying excessive taxation, and persecuting the poor. In some tales the antagonist is Prince John, based on the historical John of England, who is seen as the unjust usurper of his pious brother
Richard the Lionheart. In the oldest versions surviving, Robin Hood is a
yeoman, but in some later versions he is described as a nobleman, the earl of
Loxley (or Locksley), who was unjustly deprived of his lands. In other stories, he has served in the
crusades, returning to England to find his lands pillaged by the dastardly sheriff. In some tales he is the champion of the people, fighting against corrupt officials and the oppressive order that protects them, while in others he is an arrogant and headstrong rebel, who delights in bloodshed, cruelly slaughtering and beheading his victims.
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