This article is about mineral extractions. "Mining" can also refer to the installation of explosive devices. See
Mine for other meanings, or
Myna for the various birds so called. "Miner" redirects here. For other meanings, see
Miner (disambiguation).Mining is the extraction of
valuable minerals or other
geological materials from the earth, usually (but not always) from an
ore body,
vein, or (coal) seam. Materials recovered by mining include
bauxite,
coal,
copper,
gold,
silver,
diamonds,
iron,
precious metals,
lead,
limestone,
nickel,
phosphate,
oil shale,
rock salt,
tin,
uranium, and
molybdenum. Any material that cannot be grown from
agricultural processes, or created
artificially in a
laboratory or
factory, is usually mined. Mining in a wider sense can also include extraction of
petroleum,
natural gas, and even
water.
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