The "Republic of China" is commonly known as "
Taiwan", or in most international organizations, as "
Chinese Taipei". The Republic of China is a
state in
East Asia. It was one of the victorious powers of
World War II and a founding member of the
United Nations. Historically, it encompassed all of
mainland China before the
Kuomintang (KMT) lost control of the
mainland to the
Communist Party of China at the ceasefire of major hostilities of the
Chinese Civil War in 1950. Since then, its authority has been limited to the
island groups of
Taiwan (Formosa), the
Pescadores,
Kinmen, and the
Matsu Islands. Over subsequent decades, the Republic of China has been commonly referred to as "
Taiwan", and since the late 1970s the name "
China" is commonly used to refer to the
People's Republic of China (PRC). Because of
diplomatic pressure from the
People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (
Taiwan) is commonly referred to as "
Chinese Taipei" in international organizations. Its
capital city is
Taipei.
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