Rauwolfia (also spelled Rauvolfia) is a genus of evergreen trees and shrubs in the
Apocynaceae family. The approximately 85 species in the genus can mainly be found in tropical regions.Rauvolfia caffra is the South African
quinine tree. Rauvolfia serpentina, or Indian Snakeroot or
Sarpagandha, contains a number of bioactive chemicals, including ajmalicine, deserpidine,
rescinnamine, serpentinine, and
yohimbine.
Reserpine is an alkaloid first isolated from R. serpentina which was widely used as an
antihypertensive drug. It had drastic psychological side effects and has been now replaced by blood-pressure-lowering drugs that lack such adverse effects.
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