Pseudogenes are defunct relatives of known genes that have lost their protein-coding ability or are otherwise no longer expressed in the cell. Although they may have some gene-like features (such as
Promoters,
CpG islands, and
splice sites), they are nonetheless considered nonfunctional, due to their lack of protein-coding ability resulting from various genetic disablements (
stop codons,
frameshifts, or a lack of transcription) or their inability to function as an RNA (such as with rRNA pseudogenes). Thus the term, coined in 1977 by Jacq, et al., is composed of the prefix
pseudo, which means false, and the root
gene, which is the central unit of molecular genetics.
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A gene which has acquired a nonsense mutation and lost its transcription ability.
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