Proctoscopy is a common medical procedure in which an instrument called a proctoscope (also known as a rectoscope) is used to examine the
anal cavity,
rectum or
sigmoid colon. A proctoscope is a short (10in or 25 cm long), straight, rigid, hollow metal tube, and usually has a small light bulb mounted at the end. During proctoscopy, the proctoscope is lubricated and inserted into the
rectum, and then the
obturator is removed, allowing an unubstructed view of the interior of the rectal cavity. This procedure is normally done to inspect for
hemorrhoids or rectal
polyps and might be mildly uncomfortable as the proctoscope is inserted further into the rectum. Modern
fibre-optic proctoscopes allow more extensive observation with less discomfort.
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