Deformation
In
engineering mechanics, deformation is a change in shape due to an applied
force. This can be a result of
tensile (pulling) forces,
compressive (pushing) forces,
shear,
bending or
torsion (twisting). Deformation is often described in terms of
strain.In the figure it can be seen that the compressive loading (indicated by the arrow) has caused deformation in the
cylinder so that the original shape (dashed lines) has changed (deformed) into one with bulging sides. The sides bulge because the material, although strong enough to not crack or otherwise fail, is not strong enough to support the load without change, thus the material is forced out laterally. Deformation may be temporary, as a spring returns to its original length when tension is removed, or permanent as when an object is irreversibly bent or broken.
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Plasticity (physics)
In
physics and
materials science, plasticity is a property of a material to undergo a non-reversible change of shape in response to an applied force. For example, a solid piece of metal or plastic being bent or pounded into a new shape displays plasticity as permanent changes occur within the material itself. By contrast, a permanent crease in a sheet of paper or a re-shaping of wet clay is due to a rearrangement of separate fibers or particles. In engineering, the transition from elastic behavior to plastic behavior is called
yield.
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Déformation des matériaux
La déformation des matériaux est la description, en
science des matériaux, de la manière dont se déforment les pièces et objets. Ceci a une importance capitale pour la mise en forme (fabrication de pièces), la conception (résistance de la pièce en utilisation normale) et la sécurité (protection des personnes en cas d'accident).
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Déformation plastique
Plastizität
Verformung
Plastycznosc
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Plasticità (fisica)