Philip B. "Phil" Crosby, (
June 18,
1926–
August 18,
2001) was a businessman and author who contributed to management theory and quality management practices. Crosby initiated the
Zero Defects program at the
Martin Company Orlando, Florida plant . As the quality control manager of the
Pershing missile program, Crosby was credited with a 25 percent reduction in the overall rejection rate and a 30 percent reduction in scrap costs.In 1979 after a career at
ITT, Crosby started the management
consulting company Philip Crosby Association, Inc. This consulting group provided educational courses in quality management both at their headquarters in
Winter Park,
Florida and at eight foreign locations. Also in this year Crosby published his first business book, Quality Is Free. This book would become popular at the time because of the crisis in North American quality. During the late 1970s and into the 1980s North American manufacturers were losing to market share to Japanese products largely due to the superiority of quality of the Japanese products.
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