Peremptory Challenges

Peremptory challenge usually refers to a right in jury selection for the defense and prosecution to reject a certain number of potential jurors who appear to have an unfavorable bias without having to give any reason. Other potential jurors may be challenged for cause, i.e. by giving a reason why they might be unable to reach a fair verdict.
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Limited number of challenges each side in a trial can use to eliminate potential jurors without stating a reason. May not be used to keep members of a particular race or sex off the jury. Most states also allow the parties to a case to dismiss the judge assigned to the case without having to prove actual bias. Called a peremptory challenge, this right may usually only be exercised once by a party in any given case.