Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology is a bi-directional grid interface for gridable Electric vehicles such as Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) and Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV). It's a version of Battery-to-grid, but applied to vehicles. There are three different versions of the vehicle to grid concept:A hybrid or fuel-cell vehicle, which generates power from storable fuel, uses its generator to produce power for a utility at peak electricity usage times. Here the vehicles serve as a distributed generation system, producing power from conventional fossil fuels.A battery-powered or hybrid vehicle uses its excess rechargeable battery capacity to provide power to the electric grid during peak load times. These vehicles can then be recharged during off-peak hours at cheaper rates while helping to absorb excess night time generation. Here the vehicles serve as a distributed battery storage system to buffer power. A solar vehicle uses its excess charging capacity to provide power to the electric grid when the battery is fully charged. Here the vehicle effectively becomes a small renewable energy power station. Such systems have been in use since the 1990s and are routinely used in the case of large vehicles, especially solar-powered boats.An aircraft carrier or nuclear submarine, when not in use, could theoretically supply electricity to a power grid.
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