Panama Canal

The Panama Canal is a major ship canal that traverses the Isthmus of Panama in Central America, connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Construction of the canal was one of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken. It has had an enormous impact on shipping between the two oceans, replacing the long and treacherous route via the Drake Passage and Cape Horn at the southernmost tip of South America. A ship sailing from New York to San Francisco via the canal travels 9,500 km (6,000 miles), well under half the 22,500 km (14,000 mi) route around Cape Horn. Although the concept of a canal near Panama dates back to the early 16th century, the first attempt to construct a canal began in 1880 under French leadership. After this attempt failed and saw 22,000 workers die, the project of building a canal was attempted and completed by the United States in Panama in the early 1900s, with the canal opening in 1914. The building of the 77 km (48 mi) canal was plagued by problems, including disease (particularly  malaria and yellow fever) and landslides. By the time the canal was completed, a total of 27,500 workers are estimated to have died in the French and U.S. attempts.
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Le canal de Panamá est un canal important traversant l’isthme de Panamá en Amérique centrale, reliant l’océan Pacifique et l’océan Atlantique. Sa construction a été un des projets d’ingénierie les plus difficiles jamais entrepris. Son impact sur le commerce maritime a été considérable puisque les navires n’ont plus eu besoin de faire route par le cap Horn et le passage de Drake à la pointe australe de l’Amérique du Sud. Un navire allant de New York à San Francisco par le canal parcourt kilomètres, moins de la moitié des kilomètres d’un voyage par le cap Horn.
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Der Panamakanal ist eine künstliche Wasserstraße, welche die Landenge von Panama in Mittelamerika durchschneidet und den Atlantik mit dem Pazifik für die Schifffahrt verbindet. Die erste Durchfahrt erfolgte am 15. August 1914.
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Kanał Panamski - sztuczny kanał wodny budowany w latach 1904-14, położony w Panamie, na Przesmyku Panamskim, łączący wody Oceanu Atlantyckiego (przez Morze Karaibskie) z wodami Oceanu Spokojnego. Jest on jedną z najważniejszych dróg wodnych świata, która wydatnie skróciła trasę, jaką musiały pokonywać wcześniej statki, np. droga morska z San Francisco do Nowego Jorku uległa skróceniu o 14 500 km.
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Il Canale di Panamá è un canale artificiale che attraversa l'istmo di Panamá.Il canale, lungo 81,1 km (compresi i prolungamenti in mare), unisce l'Oceano Atlantico a quello Pacifico.Ha una profondità minima pari a 12 m, e la larghezza varia tra i 240 e i 300 m nel lago Gatun, mentre è di 90-150 m nel tratto di terraferma. È costituito da un sistema di chiuse, con 6 conche, che permette alle navi di superare un dislivello di 10 m, evitando in tal modo la circumnavigazione dell'America meridionale. Il tempo di percorrenza è di circa 8 ore.
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