Passive immunity is the transfer of active
humoral immunity in the form of readymade antibodies, from one individual to another. Passive
immunity can occur naturally, when maternal antibodies are transferred to the fetus through the placenta, and can also be induced artificially, when high levels of
human (or
horse)
antibodies specific for a
pathogen or
toxin are transferred to non-
immune individuals. Passive immunization is used when there is a high risk of infection and insufficient time for the body to develop its own immune response, or to reduce the symptoms of ongoing or
immunosuppressive diseases.
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