Ottomanism (Osmanlılık or Osmanlıcılık) was a concept which developed prior to the
First Constitutional Era of the
Ottoman Empire. Its proponents believed that it could solve the social issues that the empire was facing. Ottomanism was highly affected by thinkers such as
Montesquieu and
Rousseau and the
French Revolution. It promoted the equality among the
millets. The idea originated amongst the
Young Ottomans. Put simply, Ottomanism stated that all subjects were equal before the law. The essence of the millet system was not dismantled, but secular organizations and policies were applied. Primary education, conscription,
head tax and
military service were to be applied to non-Muslims and Muslims alike.
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