Oto-Manguean languages (also Otomanguean) are a large family comprised of several families of
Native American languages. All of the Oto-manguean languages that are now spoken are indigenous to
Mexico, but Oto-Manguean languages that are now
extinct were spoken as far south as
Nicaragua. The highest number of speakers of Oto-Manguean languages today are found in the state of
Oaxaca where the two largest branches, the
Zapotecan and
Mixtecan languages, are spoken by almost 1.5 million people combined. In central Mexico, particularly in the states of
Mexico (state),
Hidalgo and
Querétaro, the languages of the Oto-Pamean branch are spoken: the
Otomi and the closely related
Mazahua have over 500,000 speakers combined. Some Oto-Manguean languages are moribund or highly endangered; for example,
Ixcatec and
Matlatzinca each has less than 250 speakers, most of whom are elderly. Other languages particularly of the Manguean branch which was spoken outside of Mexico have become
extinct; these include the
Chiapanec language, which has only recently been declared extinct. Others such as
Subtiaba, which was very similar to
Me'phaa (Tlapanec), have been extinct longer and are only known from early 20th century descriptions.
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Las lenguas otomangueanas —también llamadas otomangues u oto-mangueanas— constituyen una extensa
familia lingüística que comprende a varios grupos de
lenguas amerindias habladas entre el centro de
México y
Nicaragua, aunque sólo sobreviven las lenguas otomangueanas que se hablan en el territorio mexicano. El mayor número de hablantes de esta familia se localiza en el estado de
Oaxaca, donde sólo el
zapoteco y el
mixteco son hablados por alrededor de 1 millón de personas (cerca de la tercera parte de la población oaxaqueña).
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