October 22

Events 4004 BC - The universe is created. This is according to the 17th-century chronology of the history of the world formulated by James Ussher the Anglican Archbishop of Armagh.362 - The temple of Apollo at Daphne, outside of Antioch, is destroyed in a mysterious fire.794 - Emperor Kanmu relocates Japanese capital to Heiankyo (now Kyoto).1383 - The 1383-1385 Crisis in Portugal: A period of civil war and disorder began when King Fernando died without a male heir to the Portuguese throne. 1575 - Foundation of Aguascalientes.1692 - Last hanging for witchcraft in the United States.1746 - The College of New Jersey (later renamed Princeton University) receives its charter. 1784 - Russia founds a colony on Kodiak Island, Alaska.1797 - One thousand meters (3,200 feet) above Paris, André-Jacques Garnerin makes the first recorded parachute jump. 1836 - Sam Houston is inaugurated as the first President of the Republic of Texas. 1844 - The Great Anticipation: Millerites, followers of William Miller, anticipated the end of the world in conjunction with the Second Advent of Christ. The following day became known as the Great Disappointment.1866 - Paraguay: Battle of Curupaytí against Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay.1867 - Foundation of the National University of Colombia.1875 - First telegraphic connection in Argentina.1877 - The Blantyre mining disaster in Scotland kills 207 miners. Those widows and orphans who were unable to support themselves were evicted by the mine owners and likely sent to the Poor House. 1878 - The first rugby match under floodlights takes place in Salford, between Broughton and Swinton.1883 - The Metropolitan Opera House in New York City opens with a performance of Gounod's Faust (opera).1895 - In Paris an express train overruns a buffer stop and crosses more than 30 metres of concourse before plummeting through a window at Gare Montparnasse.1907 - Panic of 1907: A run on Knickerbocker Trust Company stock sets events in motion that will lead to a depression.1910 - Dr. Crippen is convicted at the Old Bailey of poisoning his wife and was subsequently hanged at Pentonville Prison in London.1924 - Toastmasters International is founded.1926 - J. Gordon Whitehead sucker punches magician Harry Houdini in the stomach in Montreal.1934 - In East Liverpool, Ohio, notorious bank robber Pretty Boy Floyd is shot and killed by Federal Bureau of Investigation agents. 1935 - Establishment of the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union.1943 - World War II: Kassel: RAF conducts an air raid on the city of 236,000 people, killing 10,000, rendering 150,000 homeless. Second firestorm raid in Germany1946 - Forty four British sailors die when two British warships hit mines off the coast of Albania.1949 - Soviet Union detonates its first nuclear bomb.1953 - Laos gains independence from France. 1956 - A concrete girder weighing 200 tons kills 48 in Karachi, Pakistan.1957 - Vietnam War: First United States casualties in Vietnam. 1960 - Independence of Mali from France.1962 - Cuban Missile Crisis: US President John F. Kennedy announces that American spy planes have discovered Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba, and that he has ordered a naval "quarantine" of the island nation. 1964 - Jean-Paul Sartre is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature, but turns down the honour. 1964 - Canada: A Multi-Party Parliamentary Committee selects the design which becomes the new official Flag of Canada.1965 - End of the Second Kashmir War between India and Pakistan.1966 - The Supremes become the first all-female music group to attain a No. 1 selling album (The Supremes A' Go-Go). 1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 7 safely splashes down in the Atlantic Ocean after orbiting the Earth 163 times. 1970 - Tunku Abdul Rahman resign from Prime Minister of Malaysia.1972 - Vietnam War: In Saigon, Henry Kissinger and South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu meet to discuss a proposed cease-fire that had been worked out between Americans and North Vietnamese in Paris. Thieu rejects the proposal and accused the United States of conspiring to undermine his regime 1976 - Red Dye No. 4 is banned by the US Food and Drug Administration after it is discovered that it causes tumors in the bladders of dogs. The dye is still used in Canada.1981 - The United States Federal Labor Relations Authority votes to decertify the Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization for its strike the previous August.1981 - The founding congress of the Nepal Workers and Peasants Organisation faction led by Hareram Sharma and D.P. Singh begins.1981 - The TGV railway service Paris-Lyon is inaugurated.1983 - Two correctional officers are killed by inmates in Marion, Illinois. The incident inspired the Supermax model of prisons.1986 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs the Tax Reform Act of 1986 into law.1986 - WNBC traffic reporter Jane Dornacker is killed when the helicopter she is riding in stalls and crashes into the Hudson River.1987 - John Adams's opera Nixon in China debuts at the Houston Grand Opera in Houston, Texas.1987 - The pinnacle rock "Gendarme" falls at Seneca Rocks.1991 - Dimitrios Arhondonis, metropolitan of Chalcedon elected 270th Archbishop of Constantinople, New Rome and Ecumenical Patriarch as Patriarch Bartholomew I of the Orthodox church.1999 - Maurice Papon, an official in the Vichy France government during World War II, is jailed for crimes against humanity.2005 - Tropical Storm Alpha forms in the Atlantic Basin, making the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season the most active Atlantic hurricane season on record with 22 named storms.2005 - Crash of Bellview Airlines Flight 210 in Nigeria kills all 117 on board.2005 - The first phase of Transantiago, the new public transport system of Santiago de Chile is implemented.2006 - A Panama Canal expansion proposal is approved by 77.8% of voters in a National referendum held in Panama.2006 - Michael Schumacher drives his last Formula 1 Race. The very same day the Spaniard Fernando Alonso wins the 2006 Formula 1 World Championship, becoming the 8th and youngest driver to win it twice in a row to emulate the achievements of Mika Häkkinen, Michael Schumacher and five other drivers.
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