Events
539 BC - The army of
Cyrus the Great of
Persia takes
Babylon.1216 -
King John of
England loses his crown jewels in
The Wash, probably near
Fosdyke, perhaps near
Sutton Bridge1492 -
Christopher Columbus's expedition makes landfall in the
Caribbean, specifically in
The Bahamas. The explorer believes he has reached
East Asia1582 - Because of the implementation of the
Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in
Italy,
Poland,
Portugal and
Spain.1654 - The
Delft Explosion devastates the city in the
Netherlands, killing more than 100.
1692 - The
Salem Witch Trials were ended by a letter from Massachusetts Governor
William Phips.
1773 - America's first
insane asylum opens for 'Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds' in
Virginia1792 - First celebration of
Columbus Day in the
USA held in
New York1793 - The cornerstone of
Old East, the oldest state university building in the
United States, is laid on the campus of the
University of North Carolina1810 - First
Oktoberfest: The
Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of
Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of
Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen.
1822 -
Peter I of Brazil is proclaimed the emperor of the
Brazilian Empire.
1823 -
Charles Macintosh, of
Scotland, sells the first
raincoat.
1850 - The first women's
medical college opens, in
Pennsylvania.
1892 - The
Pledge of Allegiance is first recited in unison by students in US
public schools.
1898 - Establishment of the first town council in
Mateur.
1899 -
Boer republic of
South Africa declares war with
England.
1901 -
President Theodore Roosevelt officially renames the "Executive Mansion" to the
White House.
1915 -
World War I:
British nurse
Edith Cavell is executed by a
German firing squad for helping
Allied soldiers escape from
Belgium1917 - The First Battle of
Passchendaele, now Passendale
1928 - An
iron lung respirator is used for the first time at Children's Hospital,
Boston1933 - The
United States Army Disciplinary Barracks on
Alcatraz Island, is acquired by the
United States Department of Justice1941 - This and the next day,
German Nazis kill 11,000
Jews in
Dnipropetrovsk,
Ukraine.
Einsatzkommando 6 massacres most of the remaining Jews of the city, marching them to a ravine where they were killed.
1942 -
World War II:
Japanese ships retreat after their defeat in the
Battle of Cape Esperance with the Japanese commander,
Aritomo Gotō dying from wounds suffered in the battle and two Japanese
destroyers sunk by
Allied air attack.
1953 - "
The Caine Mutiny Court Martial" opens at
Plymouth Theatre,
New York1959 - At the national congress of
APRA in
Peru a group of leftist radicals are expelled from the party. They will later form
APRA Rebelde.
1960 -
Cold War:
Nikita Khrushchev pounds his shoe on a desk at
United Nations General Assembly meeting to protest a Philippine assertion of
Soviet Union colonialist policy being conducted in
Eastern Europe1960 -
Inejiro Asanuma is assassinated in
Japan by
Otoya Yamaguchi, a 17-year-old. The camera was rolling at that time.
1962 - Infamous
Columbus Day Storm strikes the U.S. Pacific Northwest with record wind velocities; 46 dead and at least U.S. $230 million in damages
1964 - The
Soviet Union launches the
Voskhod 1 into Earth
orbit as the first spacecraft with a multi-person crew and the first flight without
space suits1967 -
Vietnam War: US Secretary of State
Dean Rusk states during a news conference that proposals by the
U.S. Congress for peace initiatives were futile because of
North Vietnam's opposition
1968 -
Equatorial Guinea becomes independent from
Spain1968 - The
1968 Summer Olympics in
Mexico City was inaugurated
1969 - The
Cleveland Browns play the
New Orleans Saints in front of 71,274 people and win 27-17
1970 -
Vietnam War: US President
Richard Nixon announces that the
United States will withdraw 40,000 more troops before
Christmas1972 - En route to the
Gulf of Tonkin, a
racial brawl involving more than 100 sailors breaks out aboard the
United States Navy aircraft carrier
USS Kitty Hawk1976 - The
People's Republic of China announces that
Hua Guofeng is the successor to the late
Mao Tse-tung as chairman of
Communist Party of China.
1979 - The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during
Typhoon Tip.
1983 -
Japan's former Prime Minister
Tanaka Kakuei is found guilty of taking a $2 million bribe from
Lockheed and is sentenced to 4 years in jail.
1984 -
Brighton hotel bombing:
Margaret Thatcher survives an
IRA bomb, which shredded her bathroom barely two minutes after she had left it.
1986 -
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh visit the
People's Republic of China 1988 - Two officers of the
Victoria Police are gunned down executional style in the
Walsh Street police shootings,
Australia.
1988 -
NeXT launches its first public debut of the
NeXT Computer at
Davies Symphony Hall in
San Francisco,
California1991 -
Askar Akayev, previously chosen
President of Kyrgyzstan by republic's
Supreme Soviet, is confirmed president in an uncontested poll.
1994 -
NASA loses
radio contact with the
Magellan spacecraft as the probe descends into the thick atmosphere of
Venus (the spacecraft presumably burned up in the atmosphere either
October 13 or
October 14).
1997 -
Sidi Daoud massacre in
Algeria; 43 killed at a fake roadblock.
1999 -
Pervez Musharraf takes power in
Pakistan from
Nawaz Sharif through a bloodless
coup.1999 -
The Day of Six Billion: The proclaimed 6 billionth living human in the world is born.
2000 - The
USS Cole is badly damaged in
Aden, Yemen, by two
suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39
2002 - Terrorists
detonate bombs in Paddy's Pub and the
Sari Club in
Kuta,
Bali, killing 202 and wounding over 300.
2005 - The second
Chinese human spaceflight Shenzhou 6 launched carrying
Fèi Jùnlóng and
Niè Hǎishèng for five days in orbit.
2006 - A law is passed in
France that makes denying the
Armenian Genocide a crime.2006 - An enormous
lake effect snow storm drops about 2 feet of heavy, water-laden snow on Western New York knocking out power for up to 10 days in some cases, and destroying or damaging tens of thousands of trees. The storm caused more than 1 billion dollars worth of damage.
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