In
gastroenterology, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or spastic colon is a
functional bowel disorder characterized by
abdominal pain and changes in
bowel habits which are not associated with any abnormalities seen on routine clinical testing. It is fairly common and makes up 20–50% of visits to gastroenterologists. Lower
abdominal pain, and bloating associated with alteration of bowel habits and abdominal discomfort relieved with
defecation are the most frequent symptoms. The abdominal pain type is usually described in a patient as either
diarrhea-predominant (IBS-D),
constipation-predominant (IBS-C) or IBS with alternating stool pattern (IBS-A). In some individuals, IBS may have an acute onset and develop after an
infectious illness characterised by two or more of the following:
fever,
vomiting,
acute diarrhea, or positive stool culture. This post-infective syndrome has consequently been termed "post-infectious IBS" (IBS-PI) and is acute onset
Rome II criteria positive. This condition is more homogeneous, being mostly IBS-D and is drawing much clinical investigation.
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