Several months the occupation and division of
Yugoslavia by the Axis Powers in
World War II, the territory of Serbia became a military administration of
Nazi Germany in 1941. Its territories included present-day
Central Serbia, northern part of
Kosovo (around
Kosovska Mitrovica), and region of
Banat, composed the territories of Serbia, which was led by a puppet regime called the Government of National Salvation (Serbian Cyrillic: Влада Националног Спаса, Serbian Latin: Vlada Nacionalnog Spasa). Officially, the affairs of Serbs were to be represented by their own government, led by
Milan Nedić, who was their official leader from 1941 to 1944. and was backed by
Dimitrije Ljotić with his fascist
ZBOR party supporters. But Nedić held little real power while most power resided in the administration's de facto governors, which were simply called a Military Commander (Militärbefehlshaber): The Military Commanders of the administration
Franz Böhme, was given emergency powers to govern the territory since July 1941 and served as a defacto governor of the region even before the administration was solidified in August. Böhme was relieved of the position later in 1941. Staatsrat (privy councillor)
Harold Turner and SS Untersturmfuhrer Fritz Stracke handled most of the affairs of the administration while Nedić served as a nominal local leader and as a symbol of legitimization of the German presence there. The regime was unsuccessful in detracting Serbs from rebelling against the occupiers of Yugoslavia and had little support amongst Serbs. This was due to acts of extreme violence and ethnic persecution of Serbs by the German occupiers and
Ustashe extreme nationalists in Croatia, most Serbs associated with opposition forces who fought against both the German occupation forces and the
Ustashe regime of Croatia. The regime attempted to reduce the large Serbian resistance against the German military occupation of
Yugoslavia, but continued atrocities by German occupation authorities made such attempts futile. Real power resided with the German occupiers rather than under Nedić's government.
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